Nanotechnology enhances TB vaccines by improving drug delivery, targeting, and immune response, offering hope against drug-resistant TB strains.
By JanakyReviewed by Lexie CornerJul 10 2024 Tuberculosis , a highly infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis , has been a significant burden on global health and the economy for many decades. According to the World Health Organization, around 10 million people contract TB annually, and 1.5 million die from it, making it the deadliest infectious disease worldwide, second only to COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022.
Nanotechnology and TB Treatment Nanotechnology-assisted methods offer several advantages over conventional drugs and vaccination in TB treatment. For instance, they enhance the targeting and delivery of TB antigens using carrier-based drug delivery systems.6 Nanosized particles, especially for inhalation, allow for rapid absorption and high lung bioavailability, reducing drug doses and systemic side effects.9 This approach is particularly effective for targeting bacterial reservoirs, like alveolar macrophages, improving patient adherence and treatment outcomes.10How Are Nanoscale Approaches Changing the Vaccine Game? Nanotech-enhanced TB vaccines offer superior effectiveness and longer-lasting immunity compared to traditional vaccines.
Inhalable nanocarriers, such as poly dendrimers and graft-copolymers, provide targeted lung delivery, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and improving patient adherence.11 Safety concerns arise due to nanoparticle toxicity and long-term health effects, especially via inhalation or oral routes.7 Establishing clear guidelines for assessing nanomaterial biocompatibility and risks in vaccines is crucial.
TB Vaccines Nanovaccines Nanotechnology TB Treatment
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