New research shows that the supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy can have a direct impact on the chemical distribution of the host galaxy. This provides another piece of the puzzle for understanding how galaxies evolve.
, the long distances from Earth, and obscuration by dust in the galaxies have made it difficult to measure the chemical composition distribution of the gas around an active supermassive black hole.
In this study, an international team of researchers led by Toshiki Saito at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and Taku Nakajima at Nagoya University used ALMA to observe the central region of Messier 77 located 51.4 million light-years away in the direction of the constellation Cetus.
The results show that along the path of the bipolar jets emanating near the black hole, molecules commonly found in galaxies such as seem to break down, while the concentrations of distinctive molecules such as an isomer of HCN and the cyanide radical increase. This is direct evidence that supermassive black holes affect not only the large-scale structure, but also the chemical composition of their host galaxies.Taku Nakajima et al, Molecular Abundance of the Circumnuclear Region Surrounding an Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC 1068 Based on an Imaging Line Survey in the 3 mm Band with ALMA,
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