A study in Molecular Autism finds subtle differences in the speaking patterns of autistic girls and boys and explains why autism is routinely overlooked in girls and women. It proposes better detection and equal treatment facilities for autistic females.
Children had a short, unstructured conversation with a young adult research assistant in a quiet room at the Center for Autism Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. Confederates were undergraduate students or research assistants who were unaware of participants’ diagnostic status and were assigned to each participant based on scheduling availability.
In addition to duration features, we measured the total number of words produced by participants. We calculated participant speech rate by dividing the total number of words by the sum duration of speech segments plus WT and BT pause duration and multiplying this value by 60. Lastly, we pitch-tracked the audio files using the Robust Algorithm for Pitch Tracking [] with a pitch range of 75–400 Hz and extracted pitch values per 5 ms.
In total, 15 speech features were analyzed in this study: participants’ total speech duration, mean speech segment duration, number of speech segments per minute, total overlap duration, total interrupting duration, total being-interrupted duration, total BT pause duration, mean BT pause duration, number of BT pauses per minute, total WT pause duration, mean WT pause duration, number of WT pauses per minute, total number of words, speech rate, and pitch range.
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