Cornell University researchers have discovered a crucial mechanism in how genes are controlled through the study of yeast, a simple organism that is necessary for the production of beer and bread. Gene transcription, the complex process through which human cells read genetic information encoded i
researchers have discovered a crucial mechanism in how genes are controlled through the study of yeast, a simple organism that is necessary for the production of beer and bread.
“It’s like the game of Jenga, where you remove a wood block from a tower of blocks and see if the whole thing crashes down. That’s how we learn how protein machines work inside cells,” said B. Franklin Pugh ‘83, the Greater Philadelphia Professor of Molecular Biology and Genetics in the College of Arts and Sciences.
“The value of being poised is that certain genes, like environmental response genes, can rapidly respond to a changing environment; for example, when yeast encounters and metabolizes bread sugars, causing the bread dough to rise,” Pugh said. Similar metabolic processes happen in human cells when food is eaten.
In previous related work, Pugh mapped precise binding sites of more than 400 different chromosomal proteins in the yeast genome, most of which regulate the expression of genes.
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