Insights from a global study: The association between dietary patterns, cardiovascular diseases, and deaths McMasterU dietarypattern cardiovascular death disease hearthealth
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaJul 20 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in the European Heart Journal, researchers develop a healthy diet score linked to health outcomes with global applicability using the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study data.
Recent research has shown that exposure to whole-fat dairy products can be protective or neutral; however, this data has yet not been added to dietary recommendations. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether inferences drawn from dietary patterns’ scores in East Asia, Europe, and the United States apply to other regions with considerable dietary variations, including Africa and South Asia.
The independent studies included three studies comprising CVD patients and two case-control studies of myocardial infarction or stroke . Cox frailty random effects modelling was performed to determine the relationship between dietary scores and study outcomes. The odds ratios and hazard ratios were also calculated and adjusted according to participant age, sex, education, calorie intake, physical activity, smoking status, residential location, study centers, diabetes, and the use of antihypertensive or statin medications.
Study findings A total of 244,597 individuals were sampled from 80 nations across six continents and followed for a median of nine years, during which 15,707 deaths and 40,7674 cardiovascular events occurred. Over the nine-year follow-up period for PURE participants, as compared to scores less than one, scores exceeding five points were associated with a reduced risk of CVD, death, stroke, and MI, with HR values of 0.8, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9, respectively.
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