As men grow older they start losing the very thing that makes them biological males, their Y chromosome, and that can leave them more vulnerable to cancer.
. One group had their bladders removed but were not treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, while the other group received the immunotherapy.
The researchers found that mouse tumor cells lacking the Y chromosome grew at a much faster rate than did tumors with the intact Y chromosome. “The fact that we only see a difference in growth rate when the immune system is in play is the key to the 'loss-of-Y' effect in bladder cancer,” Theodorescu said. “These results imply that when cells lose the Y chromosome, they exhaust T-cells. And without T-cells to fight the cancer, the tumor grows aggressively.
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