As global research emerges from the fog of the pandemic, new influential networks are being formed. However, questions over research collaborations with China have also risen, often associated with concerns about national security. In China, concerns over Westernization always exist, not only in society but also in research, and they have intensified amid geopolitical tensions. In the past three years, the Chinese government has tried to strike a greater balance between international and domestic research.
, often associated with concerns about national security.
The COVID-19 pandemic also played a role. Online engagement became crucial for international collaborations, but Internet censorship in China made this much more challenging. Making international Zoom calls and using Google, for instance, were difficult. Students and academics from outside China who attended and worked at Chinese universities had difficulty crossing the border. Many left the country during that period.
, with long-term and intense partnerships. They are likely to remain top collaborators in the short to medium term, but China’s networks might be more diversified. China has been actively establishing and consolidating partnerships with countries outside of the major Western powers. Efforts have involved government-led programmes such as the Belt and Road Initiative, aimed at enhancing links with countries across Asia, Europe, Africa and Latin America, and bottom-up people-to-people networks.
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