A recent study compared the cardiovascular outcomes of refined grains to wholegrains in children and found that wholegrain consumption significantly reduced LDL cholesterol and other risk markers. Wholegrain diets were also found to promote the growth of beneficial gut microbiota and reduce fatigue.
By Hugo Francisco de SouzaOct 30 2023Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, researchers compared the cardiovascular outcomes of refined grains to wholegrains in children. Their randomized cross-over study comprised a cohort of 55 Danish children who were given diets containing either wholegrain or refined oats and rye for eight weeks.
Given these properties, research has hypothesized that wholegrain diets in adults can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and may prevent type 2 diabetes . While studies aimed at confirming this hypothesis are confounding, most randomized trials report beneficial outcomes on blood lipids, body weight, and glucose homeostasis. This research, however, has focused on adults, with hitherto only two observational studies on school-going children.
The study was conducted at the University of Copenhagen and comprised healthy but overweight Danish children who consumed cereal and bread daily. Children with allergies to whole- or refined grains and those consuming supplements altering their lipid or cardiometabolic profiles were excluded from the study. Recruitment for the study was carried out between August through December 2020.
Related StoriesDaily intake of study products was recorded in grams using kitchen weight balances. Additionally, prior to follow-up examinations, a 4-day dietary record of all food and beverages consumed was reported using the web-based Madlog Classic software. Using the Likert scale, a questionnaire was used to record and assess stool frequency and seven predefined gut symptoms.
Statistical analyses comprised linear mixed models for continuous variables and cumulative link mixed models for ordinal variables. Gut microbiota analyses from feces revealed that WG diets resulted in an increase in Faecalibacterium and Dialister populations and a reduction in Collinsella and Ruminococcus.
Wholegrain Refined Grains Cardiovascular Risk Children LDL Cholesterol Gut Microbiota Fatigue
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