Scientists now speculate that the entire Arctic Ocean will be ice-free in summer in the next few decades
MIKE POMPEO, America’s secretary of state, raised Canadian hackles earlier this month when he said during a speech in Finland that Canada’s claim to the Northwest Passage was “illegitimate”. He was there to attend the Arctic Council, a body set up by the eight countries around the Arctic Ocean to resolve differences and disputes relating to the polar region.
America has long maintained that the Northwest Passage, which has up to seven different routes, is an international strait through which its commercial and military vessels have the right to pass without seeking Canada’s permission. It bases its claim on the case of the Corfu Channel, separating Albania’s coast from the Greek island of Corfu, that was brought before the International Court of Justice in 1947.
Canada and the United States finessed their disagreement in 1988 with a political rather than legal fix, called the Canada-US Arctic Co-operation Agreement. America said it would seek Canada’s consent for any transit, but maintained that this did not mean it agreed with Canada’s position. Mr Pompeo’s recent comment suggests that, with the Arctic opening up to more shipping, America is no longer happy with the deal.
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