Analysis of 2015-2020 data found most weight loss therapy approaches improved the odds of losing 5% of body weight, but utilization remained low.
A cohort study of primary care patients with obesity found significant associations between weight management treatments and ≥ 5% weight loss for individuals.This retrospective, population-based cross-sectional cohort study included 149,959 primary care patients from a Michigan academic health system between October 2015 and March 2020.2Among 31,284 patients with obesity in 2017, 25.9% achieved ≥ 5% weight loss at 2 years.
Among 37,245 with obesity in either 2017 or 2019 and sufficient follow-up, 1-year WMT utilization increased from 5.3% in 2017 to 7.1% in 2019 , including nutritional counseling , weight loss medication prescriptions , and bariatric surgery . In two groups of n=5090 with and without WMT exposure who were propensity score–matched on covariates including BMI, sex, and age, the probabilities of ≥ 5% weight loss at 1 year were 15.6% without WMTs, 23.1% for nutrition counseling, 54.6% for meal replacement, 27.8% for weight loss medication, and 93% for bariatric surgery, with all approaches significant compared to no WMTs.
"While we included glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes, including semaglutide 1.0 mg, in our analyses, the study period predated the -approval of semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight management. Future work should explore the potential for semaglutide 2.4 mg and other medications with substantial weight loss effectiveness to reduce weight at the population level.
Miriam E. Tucker is a freelance journalist based in the Washington, DC, area. She is a regular contributor to Medscape Medical News, with other work appearing in the Washington Post, NPR's Shots blog, and Diabetes Forecast magazine. She is on X: @MiriamETucker.
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