Some of the world's leading makers of flu vaccines say they could make hundreds of millions of bird flu shots for humans within months if a new strain of avian influenza ever jumps across the species divide.
and infected mammals. Human cases, however, remain very rare, and global health officials have said the risk of transmission between humans is still low.
There has also been a push among companies to develop a bird flu vaccine for poultry, a market potentially far larger than that for humans. "We could potentially have a much worse problem with vaccine hoarding and vaccine nationalism in a flu outbreak than we saw with COVID," said Dr. Richard Hatchett, chief executive of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, which helps fund vaccine research.
WHO did not comment on the potential for vaccine hoarding in a flu pandemic but said mechanisms were being developed "so that countries can work together – not in competition with each other" to respond to such a crisis. It said it was "fully confident" manufacturers and member states would meet their obligations.In a pandemic, vaccine manufacturers would shift production of seasonal flu vaccines and instead make shots tailored to the new outbreak when needed.
At the same time, moving to large-scale production of a more targeted shot could take months, the manufacturers said. Some potential shots use a traditional method, growing the virus used in the vaccines in chicken eggs over four to six months. Moderna's mRNA vaccine research actually began with pandemic flu, and was modified for COVID, said Raffael Nachbagauer, executive director of infectious diseases at Moderna.
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