Urgent call for improved diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines against deadly Hantavirus Hantavirus HaemorrhagicFevers ZoonoticInfections AndesHantavirus CriticalCare GlobalHealth PublicHealth TheLancetInfDis
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Apr 30 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. Hantaviruses are found globally and can cause hemorrhagic fevers with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome . Various factors can influence the epidemiology and transmission of hantaviruses, such as the environment, climate, human behavior in epidemic regions, and ecology of rodent hosts.
The viral genome is divided into three segments, including small , medium , and large segments. The S segment encodes the nucleocapsid protein, whereas the M and L segments encode the envelope glycoproteins and viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, respectively. Pathogenesis and clinical symptoms Hantaviruses target endothelial cells of capillaries and small vessels to enhance their vascular permeability. In HFRS, changes in endothelial permeability can alter platelet function and coagulation.
HFRS infection is divided into five stages, beginning with febrile, hypotensive, oliguric, diuretic, and convalescent. The disease progression and severity depend on the type of hantavirus and the individual’s immunity. Diagnosis It is important to differentiate between HFRS and HCPS, particularly in the prodromal phase. Urine dipstick analysis is frequently used to confirm a suspected case of HFRS.
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