Extreme waves can be generated when waves cross. A study published in Physical Review Letters by researchers from the University of Sydney and Tokyo University has found that 'rogue' ocean waves, also known as extreme or giant waves, may be more common in multi-directional wave patterns than previo
and Tokyo University has found that “rogue” ocean waves, also known as extreme or giant waves, may be more common in multi-directional wave patterns than previously thought. These waves, which can damage marine infrastructure, alter coastlines, and pose a threat to human life, are known for their sudden and seemingly random appearance.
These enormous “rogue” swells have long captured the imagination. Although mathematical modelling has helped scientists and engineers hypothesise different causes, since the 1980’s it was thought they were caused by either wave overlap or a mechanism which triggers a rogue wave in one-directional wave systems.
A mechanical wave generator was employed to create multi-directional waves on the water’s surface, ultimately resulting in unstable rogue “breathers” – waves that suddenly grow and disappear without any disturbance to the surrounding water.
“The scientific wave community believed that these rogue waves could only be generated in one-directional wave systems – instead thinking that multi-directional wave formations might cancel out these crucial mechanisms.”The experimental demonstration showed that crossing water waves, which frontally collide with a crossing angle of 180° and cause ‘standing waves’, also allow breather waves to rise.
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