These 5 ancient cities once ruled North America—what happened to them?

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These 5 ancient cities once ruled North America—what happened to them?
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Indigenous Americans raised pyramids, palaces, temples, and tombs in booming cities whose sizes rivaled those in Europe. Archaeology is slowly revealing their splendid pasts

Photograph by John Burcham/The New York Times/Redux PicturesThe Chacoan people had no written language, so much of what is known about their society comes from burials. One burial room, for instance, held 13 presumably high-ranking bodies surrounded by thousands of turquoise beads, shells, bowls, and pitchers. DNA analysis showed that many of the individuals were related through their mothers or grandmothers. Power may have been passed down through the maternal line.

A Mississippian copper ornament depicting a warrior in relief was found at Craig Mound at the Spiro Mounds archaeological site in Oklahoma. The site was a permanent settlement from 800 A.D. to about 1450 A.D.Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited. The location became a permanent settlement around A.D. 800 and was used until about A.D. 1450. At its zenith, some 10,000 people resided here. Artifacts point to an extensive trade network , highly developed religious activity, and an advanced political system. Large earthen platforms and burial mounds were highlights of the agricultural communities. Leaders built their homes on top of the previous chief’s, so that the higher the mound, the more prestige the current leader held.

William P. Campbell stands with pottery excavated from the Spiro Mounds archeological site in Le Flore County, Oklahoma, in the late 1910s. On the table are clay pots, cups, arrowheads, bowls, and vases.Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.Legend speaks of a vast ancient metropolis of more than 20,000 citizens, ancestors of the Wichita Nation, flourishing at the confluence of the Walnut and Arkansas Rivers, near present-day Arkansas City in south-central Kansas.

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