🫠 How concrete, asphalt and urban heat islands add to the misery of heat waves Mariano_Zafra ReutersGraphics
During days when the thermometer shows 38°C , this temperature refers to air temperature, which meteorologists usually measure over a metre above the surface. However, at those temperatures, surfaces such as asphalt or cement can reach temperatures higher than 65°C , which can cause skin burns. It's important to be aware of these surface temperatures and take precautions to avoid injuries.The process of urban development profoundly changes the landscape.
On an annual mean basis, air temperatures in large cities might be 1 to 3°C warmer than those of their rural surroundingsair temperature of a city with 1 million or more people can be 1 to 3°C warmer than its surrounding areas. On a clear, calm night, this temperature difference can even reach as high as 12°C compared to rural areas.
Properties of urban materials, in particular solar reflectance, thermal emissivity, and heat capacity, also influence urban heat island development, as they determine how the sun’s energy is reflected, emitted and absorbed.
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