Study reveals rising autism rates in English coastal town, challenges gender stereotypes Autism Aspergers ASDdiagnoses CoastalCommunity England ASDprevalence PLOSONE
By Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Jul 4 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in PLOS One, researchers use Poisson regression modeling to elucidate trends in autism spectrum disorder in Fleetwood, England. Using almost 70 years of data, the researchers demonstrated that while overall autism cases in this typical English-deprived coastal town had increased, differences between male and female autism incidences are less prominent than previously thought.
In the United Kingdom, the prevalence of ASD is higher than the global estimate at 1-1.5%. In fact, the incidence of ASD in the U.K. has been rapidly rising, with an almost eight-fold increase reported between 1998-2018. About the study In the present study, researchers analyze ASD trends in small-to-medium-sized coastal towns using Fleetwood as a case study. To this end, almost 70 years of data from patients of Fleetwood primary healthcare practices were obtained between July 1952 to March 2022. Query census data from the Middle Super Output Area was used to estimate the annual prevalence of ASD.
Rising ASD rates in both males and females An increasing trend of over 20-fold in ASD prevalence from 0.07 to 7.03 individuals for every 1,000 was observed in Fleetwood, especially from 2002-2022. ASD incidence in the region has increased sevenfold from 0.07 to 0.47 individuals for every 1,000 during the same time period.
Male-to-female ratios were smaller than those observed in ASD. Increasing awareness as a consequence of public health campaigns is considered instrumental in the increasing diagnosis of these conditions and reducing discrepancies between male-female odds ratios. Dividing the dataset into only two classes of ASD and Asperger’s syndrome, despite the disorders representing a complex spectrum of conditions, reduces the analyses’ power to identify the drivers of gender ratios and prevalence trends.
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