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Get a daily digest of the latest news in tech, science, and technology, delivered right to your mailbox. Subscribe now.That's what we have been told, first by Newton, and the world agreed. However, not all systems follow Newton's conclusions., equipped with whip-like tails, propel themselves through thick fluids. Contrary to Newton’s expectations, these tiny swimmers navigate viscous environments with a unique motion that seems to defy the third law of motion.
Non-reciprocal interactions, or the absence of equal and opposite reactions, emerge in complex and chaotic systems, from flocking birds to particles suspended in fluids and, interestingly, in swimming sperm. One of the key distinctions lies in the fact that birds and cells generate their own energy, adding to the system with each flap of their wings and whip of their tails, disrupting the equilibrium and rendering the traditional rules of physics insufficient.Ishimoto and the team studied experimental data related to human sperm and modeled the motion of green algae, specifically the Chlamydomonas.
But even this property of odd elasticity alone did not fully explain the flagella's wave-like motion. To bridge this gap, the researchers introduced a new term, the "odd elastic modulus," a concept aimed at describing the internal mechanics of flagella.
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