A crescent-shaped crater in Northeast China holds the record as the largest impact crater on Earth that formed in the last 100,000 years.
Beneath more than 328 feet of layered lake and swamp sediments lay a nearly 1,000-foot-thick slab of brecciated granite, which is granite made up of many rocky fragments cemented together in a matrix, the team found. This rock bears telltale scars of having been struck by aFor example, fragments of the rock show signs of having melted and recrystallized during the impact, as the granite rapidly heated and then cooled off.
A portion of the Yilan crater's southern rim is missing, so the geological structure looks crescent-shaped from above,. Such crescent-shaped impact craters are relatively rare on Earth, Chen Ming, one of the authors of the article and a research fellow from the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, told the Global Times.
In October 2021, the Landsat-8 satellite captured a striking snapshot of the crater's northern rim, and scientists are now investigating how and when the southern rim disappeared, according to the NASA statement. The so-called Meteor Crater in Arizona previously held the record for largest impact crater less than 100,000 years old; it's about 49,000 to 50,000 years old and measures 0.75 miles in diameter. The Xiuyan crater, by comparison, measures 1.1 miles across, but its age is unknown, Forbes reported.
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