WASHINGTON : Scientists have taken an important step forward in understanding the human genome - our genetic blueprint - by fully deciphering the enigmatic Y chromosome present in males, an achievement that could help guide research on infertility in men.Researchers on Wednesday unveiled the first complet
WASHINGTON : Scientists have taken an important step forward in understanding the human genome - our genetic blueprint - by fully deciphering the enigmatic Y chromosome present in males, an achievement that could help guide research on infertility in men.
The Y chromosome's genes help govern crucial reproductive functions including sperm production, formally called spermatogenesis, and are even involved in cancer risk and severity. But this chromosome had proven difficult to crack owing to its exceptionally complex structure. The complete X chromosome sequence was published in 2020. But until now, the Y chromosome part of the human genome had contained big gaps.
The work revealed features of medically relevant regions of the Y chromosome including a stretch of DNA - the molecule that carries genetic information for an organism's development and functioning - containing several genes involved in sperm production. The new fuller understanding of the Y chromosome's genes offers promise for practical applications including in fertility-related research, according to the researchers.
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