In this interview, NewsMedical talks to James Brady about cell-based therapy and how the field of genetic engineering transformed.
insights from industryJames BradySenior Vice PresidentMaxCyte, Inc.
What is electroporation, and how has this technique revolutionized genetic engineering? Electroporation is a technique for creating temporary perturbations to the cell membrane through the brief application of electrical pulses. There are multiple applications for electroporation, but in the context of cell therapy, electroporation is primarily used for introducing genetic material and other molecules into cells.
Second, in contrast to other transfection technologies that are compatible with only a limited range of cells and loading agents, MaxCyte electroporation facilitates complex cellular engineering strategies based on introducing large molecules and combinations of molecules into a wide range of primary cell types, including blood cells and stem cells.
In the context of cell engineering, why choose electroporation over other transfection techniques, such as viral vectors and lipid vesicles? Electroporation allows for the simultaneous introduction of multiple types of molecules, including RNPs, large DNA molecules, messenger RNAs, and smaller oligonucleotides or siRNAs.
The movement of cells is fully controlled by the instrument’s software and hardware. Automated cell movement provides much greater scalability and process standardization compared to static electroporation. Can you elaborate on using electroporation for CAR T cell development and its impact on patient treatment? CAR T therapies are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Aside from the introduction of the CAR expression cassette, CAR T manufacturing often involves additional cellular engineering steps, including the knockout of genes that encode checkpoint inhibitors, endogenous receptors and target antigens.
In addition to overcoming the limitations of viral gene delivery discussed earlier, MaxCyte’s GMP-compliant electroporation technology provided DKFZ with scalability, closed connectivity with upstream and downstream process steps, and improved control over process outcomes. Finally, the DKFZ group published data demonstrating that MaxCyte electroporation produced fewer changes to gene expression patterns in T cells compared to lentiviral CAR delivery.
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