The sample is an exciting win for the rover team.
On Earth, details of evolution of ancient microbial life are protected for billions of years in the form of carbonate-rich fossils. Sea shells, for example, are made of calcium carbonate, which helps them become hard enough to survive for eons.
As one example of how shells become pristine information holders of ancient life, they change in size and thickness in response to the growth of the animals that live inside them, as well as to the temperatures in the surrounding environment. This way, the history of these life forms is archived in the intricate patterns of the shells.
Similarly, Perseverance scientists hope to unveil valuable information about past life on Mars, if it ever existed, and how the Red Planet's environment has changed over time, by studying the rover's samples in detail. Such work will be done primarily on Earth, if all goes according to plan: A joint NASA-European Space AgencyPerseverance is now rolling onto its next location, which the rover team calls"Castell Henllys.
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