The Japan Trench is located on the 'Pacific Ring of Fire,' a region of special interest in earthquake and deep-water research.
The research vessel R/V Kaimei. Credit: ECORD/IODP/JAMSTEC
"These operational expedition achievements of successful deep-subsurface sampling at water depths between 7,445 and 8,023 m below sea level set two new records in over 50 years of scientific ocean drilling and coring," says Prof. Michael Strasser from the University of Innsbruck and co-chief scientist of the IODP Expedition 386."We have cored the deepest water site at a water depth of 8,023 meters and recovered the deepest sub-sea level sample from 8,060.74 meters below sea level.
This points to intensive microbial methanogenesis in the hadal trenches and is interpreted as an enhancement effect of repeated large earthquakes along the subduction zone. Through increasing organic carbon fluxes and regulating the physical and chemical characteristics of thedeposits, earthquakes serve as a powerful modulator in the trench carbon cycle and the deep biosphere metabolisms in these extreme environments.
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