There are three different physical processes responsible for accelerating particles to vast speeds.
Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity states that photons—or particles of light—travel at a constant speed of 670,616,629 miles per hour. As far as we know, nothing can travel faster than this.
Such fields accelerate charged particles by essentially pushing them along, in much the same way that gravity influences objects with mass. Given the right conditions, electromagnetic fields can propel particles close to the speed of light. This leads to a rapid change in the magnetic field, which in turn creates an electric field that accelerates charged particles to high speeds. It is thought that this process is responsible for accelerating phenomena like the solar wind—the stream of charged particles emitted from the sun.
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