Mosaic RBD nanoparticles offer 100% protection against SARS-CoV-2 in animal model

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Mosaic RBD nanoparticles offer 100% protection against SARS-CoV-2 in animal model
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Mosaic RBD nanoparticles offer 100% protection against SARS-CoV-2 in animal model AnimalModel Nanoparticles SARSCoV2 Coronavirus Disease COVID PNASNews

By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Jan 24 2023Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc. The repeated zoonotic spillovers of α- and β-coronaviruses have significantly increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 spillover is likely from a bat or a pangolin. This highly infectious virus has resulted in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, claiming more than 6.64 million lives worldwide.

The S1 subunit contains a receptor-binding domain and an N-terminal domain , and two S1 subdomains . The RBD domain is responsible for over 90% of neutralizing activity, elucidated from studying COVID-19 convalescent patients and vaccinated individuals. Interestingly, RBD monomer, dimer, and trimer were observed to trigger potent Ab responses. In addition, self-assembling multivalent RBD nanoparticles exhibited induction of significant immune responses.

Despite their low sequence similarity, PCNA subunits have a similar structure, contain around 250 amino acids, and are arranged in a sequential manner. PCNA1 and PCNA2 combine and recruit PCNA3 to form a heterotrimer whose dissociation constants are between micromolar and nanomolar ranges. Study Findings Based on antigenic characterization, six heterologous antigens were found to be evenly distributed on 6RBD-np. This finding highlighted the advantages of using the PCNA subunits for developing mosaic multivalent antigens compared to previously used stochastic assembly platforms.

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