Moon’s Hidden Depths Uncovered with New Algorithm
Certain areas near the moon’s poles linger perpetually in shadow, never receiving direct sunlight. Recent studies suggest these so-called permanently shadowed regions contain rich ice reservoirs that could reveal details about the early solar system; they could also help future visitors make fuel and other resources. But these areas are hard to photograph from satellites orbiting the moon and thus are a challenge to study.
The researchers used more than 70,000 images of completely dark lunar areas—with no light signal—paired with details about the camera’s temperature and position in orbit to train their algorithm to recognize and filter out camera noise. Next they tackled residual noise, such as quantum effects on traveling photons; this algorithm stage learned from millions of sunlit lunar photos, paired with simulated versions of the same images in shadow.
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