Latest International Water Satellite Packs Powerful Engineering Punch

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Latest International Water Satellite Packs Powerful Engineering Punch
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Meet the scientific heart of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography mission, which will see Earth’s water in higher definition than ever before. Successfully launched on December 16, the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite promises to provide an extraordinary accounting of water o

will help researchers address some of the most pressing climate questions of our time and help communities prepare for a warming world. Making this possible is a scientific instrument called the Ka-band Radar Interferometer .

Members of the international SWOT mission test one of the antennas for the Ka-band Radar Interferometer instrument in a clean room at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech The cutting-edge KaRIn instrument lies at the heart of this international mission, the latest in a longstanding collaboration between NASA and the French space agency Centre National d’Études Spatiales , with contributions from the Canadian Space Agency and the UK Space Agency.

The two KaRIn antennas will see the same spot on Earth from 553 miles above. Since the antennas look at a given point on Earth from two directions, the return signals reflected back to the satellite arrive at each antenna slightly out of step, or phase, with one another. Using this phase difference, the distance between the two antennas, and the radar wavelength, researchers can calculate the height of the water that KaRIn is looking at.

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