A study in Cardiovascular Diabetology finds that type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly inpatients with heart failure in Switzerland. Chronic kidney disease may further increase this risk.
Therefore, by using data of inpatients with HF at the largest tertiary cardiovascular referral hospital in Switzerland, we compared mortality outcomes among patients with or without T2D and estimated the differences in life expectancy between groups. Additionally, we explored whether co-existence of T2D and CKD was associated with worse prognosis.
Survival by T2D status and by sex for the overall inpatient population was presented using Kaplan–Meier curves. We estimated the association of T2D status with the risk of all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression. In Model 1, we adjusted for age and sex . In Model 2, we additionally adjusted for CKD, ASCVD, EF category, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, COPD, and dyslipidemia. In Model 3, we included interaction terms between T2D status, CKD status, and EF category.
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