The quasar is 100,000 billion times brighter than the sun.
were richer in gas and dust. This meant they possessed enough fuel to allow their central black holes to power bright emissions across almost the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including low-energy radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet wavelengths, and high-energy X-ray wavelengths.
J1144 was initially spotted in visible light by SkyMapper Southern Survey in 2022. To follow up on this discovery, the team, also led by Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Ph.D. candidate Zsofi Igo, combined observations from several space-based observatories. These included the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma observatory's eROSITA instrument, the ESA XMM-Newton observatory, NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array , and NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift observatory.
This combination of data allowed the astronomers to measure the temperature of the X-rays coming from the quasars, discovering them to be around 630 million degrees Fahrenheit . This is a staggering 60,000 times hotter than the temperature at the surface of the sun. The team was also able to put a value on the mass of the black hole behind these emissions, finding it to be around 10 billion times that of the sun. Not only this, but the supermassive black hole of J1144 is feeding so quickly that it is growing at a rate of 100 suns per year. Not all the gas surrounding this black hole is being fed to it, however.
The scientists discovered that some gas is being ejected from the quasar in the form of extremely powerful winds that are injecting vast amounts of energy into its surrounding galaxy.
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