Corruption is not a new phenomenon and has its roots in ancient history.
Corruption has emerged as one of the biggest threats to humanity in developing and developed countries. It distorts economic growth, lowers foreign direct investment, decreases productivity due to the inefficient allocation of contracts, provides an incubator for general crime and dilutes societal norms and values.
With specific reference to corruption in the public sector, the process of procuring goods and services provides wide scope for corrupt activity such as paying bribes to secure contracts, inflating invoices, insider dealing by public servants and settling invoices for goods and services that were not delivered.Corruption is driven by need and greed and takes many forms. It may be incidental , systematic or systemic .
To be eligible for a corrupt transaction, a public servant or bribee, as the recipient of a bribe, must necessarily be in a position of power in an institution that gives him or her discretionary authority. The behavioural assessment enriches the pure rational choice with the inclusion of psychological aspects such as willpower and the extent of a person’s self-control.
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