Gene editing and selective breeding are among the methods used to deal with a changing climate and growing population.
to combat Huanglongbing, or citrus green disease, might be what comes to mind, but researchers there are also working to advance the way rice and even tomatoes are grown.
“What we’re working on is trying to figure out what we can do with rice that will allow it to do well, whether it’s in a paddy or it’s in dry soil,” Bailey-Serres said. She said that might be possible due to the fungi’s hyphae, which are straw-like, stringy structures that could pull up water from the ground and get it closer to the rice’s root system.third-year Ph.D. candidate and a member of Plants3D, is trying to genetically optimize tomatoes for controlled environment agriculture using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
The challenge though is that while leafy greens and herbs can be grown in those settings easily and quickly enough to support the overhead of growing them, tomatoes take much longer and can be much larger. Mauss said she plans to do the same gene editing in a more flavorful tomato line, “so that we can just, from the get-go, have this tasty, more compact tomato.”David Still, executive director of the California State University Agricultural Research Institute and a Cal Poly Pomona professor, has been researching how to make lettuce use less water and less nitrogen.
“All of these nitrogen fertilizers and phosphorus, too, but mostly nitrogen fertilizers here in California, produce greenhouse gasses, and then they also produce nitrates that go into the groundwater, which are, of course, a hazard to human health,” Still said. He added that the nitrous oxides volatilized from fertilizers have about 300 times the global warming potential of a molecule of CO2.
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