Both the phonics and whole-language approach can help meet individual children’s learning needs
The war over whether phonics or whole language is the best method of reading instruction has raged since the inception of universal public education in Canada in the late 1800s.
These popular readers were based on “new” research on teaching and learning, and consisted of specially written stories with controlled vocabularies, in which words were repeated on each page enough times that students could remember them. Then in the early 1980, many early childhood educators adopted the “whole language” philosophy of teaching reading, which emphasizes identifying words using literary context.
Dr. Jennifer Buckingham, senior research fellow at MultiLit, which provides literacy instruction in Australia, has provided evidence-based information on effective reading instruction for struggling readers to the NSW, Victorian, South Australian and federal governments. They need to be memorized, usually in context so they’re instantly recognizable. “Phonics is essential but not sufficient”, she says. “It must be taught early and well, but always alongside vocabulary and comprehension,” which is the basis for the “whole language” approach.
That’s about one in eight kids. And the percentage of 15-year-olds with the lowest levels of literacy has increased over the past decade.
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