Warm seas provide fuel for extreme storms, and can then be cooled by them. Even though tropical cyclones are atmospheric phenomena, much of their fearsome power actually comes from the ocean. The seas are plentiful sources of moisture to feed growing storm clouds. Just as critically, they are als
, the Dominican Republic, Bermuda, and Newfoundland—also left a cool patch in its wake as it moved north between September 15-26.
Water vapor naturally cools as it rises through the atmosphere and then falls back onto the sea as rainwater. Having given up much of its heat to the atmosphere, the rain cools the sea surface a bit. Simultaneously, the winds and waves of a hurricane disperse warm surface water and bring up cooler water from the ocean depths.
In theory, the cooler water rising to the surface should make it less likely for a new storm to develop or intensify in the same area in the following days. However, the waters of the North Atlantic were not necessarily cool after Earl and Fiona, just at a lower temperature compared to before. The data for all of these maps come from the MUR Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature Analysis, produced at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The system combines observations from several satellite instruments, including the NASA Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS , the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on the NASA Aqua and Terra platforms, the U.S.
NASA Earth Observatory images by Joshua Stevens, using data from the Multiscale Ultrahigh Resolution project and information from the National Hurricane Center.
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