A Monash University study suggests some forms of antibiotic resistance gained through evolution may be reversible. What does this tell us about evolution?
New research from Monash University suggests that some forms of antibiotic resistance gained through evolution may be reversible. Does this also mean other evolutionary changes can also be reversed?However, new research suggests this may not be the case for some microbes.have held that evolution is not substantively reversible.
AMR results when microbes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites develop resistance to antimicrobial medicines. This makes infections difficult or impossible to treat, increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. Once a microbe has, it is not possible to turn back the clock and remove the resistance. Instead, new and more powerful antimicrobial drugs must be constantly developed.
In transformation, bacteria acquire DNA from the environment and integrate it into a chromosome or plasmid. The DNA could have come from a dead bacterial cell that lysed , a live bacterial cell that released a copy of its DNA, or through human action in a lab. Only bacteria containing large enough pores in their membranes to allow the DNA through can acquire DNA in this way.
To do this, the virus must first insert its DNA into the host bacterial DNA. The location where this insertion occurs is called an attachment site. They found that bacteria populations with lower recombination rates evolved a “hyper-recombination phenotype.” This phenotype exhibited more rapid rates of DNA exchange between bacteria, as well as a reversal of antibiotic resistance.
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