Ethereum layer-2 fragmentation may require a ZKP fix in the future, but interoperable L2s are the surest fix in the meantime.
It’s almost universally agreed within the cryptosphere that the Ethereum blockchain is good – but not perfect. The vast majority of Ethereum virtual machine developers agree that if theWhile L2s have demonstrated their ability to speed transactions, dramatically lower gas fees, and exponentially scale transaction volumes — those gains do come with a significant trade-off — multiple L2 blockchains operating in isolation of each other, also known as “fragmentation.
Meaning that each block gets a special type of cryptographic proof showing that the transactions in the block are valid and then correctly updates the blockchain's state. This proof doesn’t give away any extra information about the transactions themselves, just that they are correct. Also, there could be an option to use multiple such proofs for even greater security.
Fortunately, a few L2 ecosystems are focused on delivering just that, most notably ZKsync's ZK Stack and Polygon's CDK. When a new blockchain network is deployed using one of these frameworks, it shares a common bridge to Ethereum with the other chains that leverage the same framework.
For example, with this new approach, it would be possible for a user to lock one crypto-asset as collateral on one L2 chain while borrow another crypto-asset on another L2 chain.
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