Egypt's ambitions in the Horn of Africa are shaped by various strategic and geopolitical objectives. The Horn of Africa, a region that includes Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Sudan, South Sudan, and Somalia, has been a focal point of international interest due to its location along one of the world's most important maritime trade routes.
Egypt 's ambitions in the Horn of Africa are shaped by various strategic and geopolitical objectives. The Horn of Africa , a region that includes Ethiopia , Eritrea, Djibouti, Sudan, South Sudan, and Somalia , has been a focal point of international interest due to its location along one of the world's most important maritime trade routes.
However, despite its strategic importance, the region has been plagued by wars, drought, and famine, challenges that are rooted in the legacy of colonialism and compounded by internal problems. Among the Horn countries, Ethiopia stands out as relatively peaceful and prosperous. It has played an active role in regional peace and security, sending troops to neighboring nations and making significant sacrifices to promote peace and stability in the region.
Additionally, Egypt aims to shape the political landscape of the Horn of Africa in its favor. Beyond these objectives, Egypt's desire to prevent any threats to its control over the Nile River is a significant motivation. The ongoing military cooperation between Somalia and Egypt must be viewed in this light, as the potential for a crisis looms due to external interference. After the signing of a military agreement between Egypt and Somalia, Ethiopia has been closely monitoring the situation, especially in light of the arrival of Egyptian military aircraft in Mogadishu following the Somali president's visit to Cairo in August.
Ethiopia, which has been a key partner in combating the Al-Shabaab terror group, linked to al-Qaeda, has contributed significantly to Somalia's fight against extremism. Egypt's limited involvement during Somalia's crisis contrasts sharply with Ethiopia's proactive engagement, raising questions about the motivations of Somali leaders aligning themselves with Egypt.
In addition to military and proxy efforts, Egypt may also seek to apply economic pressure on Ethiopia. Ethiopia must be prepared to respond to such measures by strengthening regional alliances and bolstering its ties with neighboring countries to resolve tensions within the Intergovernmental Authority on Development .
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