Research published in BMCPublicHealth finds no statistically significant difference in addiction outcomes between youth initiating e-cigarette use with traditional instead of non-traditional flavors.
]. The PATH Study is collaboratively sponsored by the National Institute of Drug Abuse, National Institute of Health, Center for Tobacco Products, and Food and Drug Administration. It consists of longitudinal interview and self-reported survey questions using audio computer-assisted self-interviews administered in English or Spanish to parents, adults, and youth pertaining to tobacco use, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, and health outcomes.
Only participants who remained in the study from their first reported use of e-cigarettes to the most recent wave were included in the analysis.Measures of e-cigarette addiction came from wave 4.
South Africa Latest News, South Africa Headlines
Similar News:You can also read news stories similar to this one that we have collected from other news sources.
Factors that influence mental health of university and college students in the UK: a systematic review - BMC Public HealthBackground Worsening mental health of students in higher education is a public policy concern and the impact of measures to reduce transmission of COVID-19 has heightened awareness of this issue. Preventing poor mental health and supporting positive mental wellbeing needs to be based on an evidence informed understanding what factors influence the mental health of students. Objectives To identify factors associated with mental health of students in higher education. Methods We undertook a systematic review of observational studies that measured factors associated with student mental wellbeing and poor mental health. Extensive searches were undertaken across five databases. We included studies undertaken in the UK and published within the last decade (2010–2020). Due to heterogeneity of factors, and diversity of outcomes used to measure wellbeing and poor mental health the findings were analysed and described narratively. Findings We included 31 studies, most of which were cross sectional in design. Those factors most strongly and consistently associated with increased risk of developing poor mental health included students with experiences of trauma in childhood, those that identify as LGBTQ and students with autism. Factors that promote wellbeing include developing strong and supportive social networks. Students who are prepared and able to adjust to the changes that moving into higher education presents also experience better mental health. Some behaviours that are associated with poor mental health include lack of engagement both with learning and leisure activities and poor mental health literacy. Conclusion Improved knowledge of factors associated with poor mental health and also those that increase mental wellbeing can provide a foundation for designing strategies and specific interventions that can prevent poor mental health and ensuring targeted support is available for students at increased risk.
Read more »
Which countries need COVID-19 vaccines the most? Development of a prioritisation tool - BMC Public HealthBackground The COVID-19 pandemic and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have affected all countries. With a scarcity of COVID-19 vaccines there has been a need to prioritize populations, but assessing relative needs has been challenging. The COVAX Facility allocates vaccines to cover 20% of each national population, followed by a needs assessment that considers five quantitative metrics alongside a qualitative assessment. The objective of this study was to identify the most important factors for assessing countries’ needs for vaccines, and to weight each, generating a scoring tool for prioritising countries. Methods The study was conducted between March and November 2021. The first stage involved an online Delphi survey with a purposive and snowball sample of public health experts, to reach consensus on country-level factors for assessing relative needs for COVID-19 vaccines. The second stage involved a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to determine weights for the most important factors. Results Responses were received from 28 experts working across 13 different countries and globally. The most common job titles reported were director and professor, with most based in national public health institutes (n = 9) and universities (n = 8). The Delphi survey found 37 distinct factors related to needs. Nine of the most important factors were included in the DCE. Among these, the most important factor was the ‘proportion of overall population not fully vaccinated’ (with a mean weight of 19.5), followed by ‘proportion of high-risk population not fully vaccinated’ (16.1), ‘health system capacity’ (14.2), ‘capacity to purchase vaccines’ (11.9) and the ‘proportion of the population clinically vulnerable’ (11.3). Conclusions Several factors exist, extending beyond those currently used, which may lead to some countries having a greater need for vaccines compared to others. By assessing relative needs, this scoring tool can build on existing methods to further the
Read more »
Set up reserve lab capacity now for faster response to the next pandemic, say researchersResearchers say a 'human bottleneck,' due to historical cuts in public health funding, delayed the UK's scale-up of COVID-19 testing in the early stages of the country's pandemic response.
Read more »
UbuntuDDE 22.04 appears, late but lustrousUbuntuDDE 22.04 is colorful, and with slightly less Chinese flavor than Ubuntu Kylin
Read more »
Oxford Health: Cyber attack continues to hit NHS trust's servicesThe CEO of Oxford Health Foundation Trust says it has done all it can to maintain services.
Read more »
Ubisoft CEO sparks controversy by saying that making games requires 'friction'Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot later clarified that 'there is absolutely no place for toxicity at Ubisoft.'
Read more »