Deepfakes, both audio and video, have been possible only with the development of sophisticated machine learning technologies in recent years. — The Conversation
between voice samples created organically by human speakers and those generated synthetically by computers.Humans vocalize by forcing air over the various structures of the vocal tract, including vocal folds, tongue and lips. By rearranging these structures, you alter the acoustical properties of your vocal tract, allowing you to create over 200 distinct sounds, or phonemes.
In contrast, audio deepfakes are created by first allowing a computer to listen to audio recordings of a targeted victim speaker. Depending on the exact techniques used, the computer. This audio is used to extract key information about the unique aspects of the victim’s voice. The attacker selects a phrase for the deepfake to speak and then, using a modified text-to-speech algorithm, generates an audio sample that sounds like the victim saying the selected phrase. This process of creating a single deepfaked audio sample can be accomplished in a matter of seconds, potentially allowing attackers enough flexibility to use the deepfake voice in a conversation.
Deepfaked audio often results in vocal tract reconstructions that resemble drinking straws rather than biological vocal tracts.
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