Mozambique’s governing party must take heed of the fact that insurgency succeeds when there is a governance and developmental deficit
in Cabo Delgado province, northern Mozambique, when Portuguese troops opened fire on a peacefully demonstrating crowd protesting about taxes. Resentment at this massacre helped to politicise the local Makonde people, and became one of the sparks that kindled the independence struggle led by Mondlane.
The Zambezi was not just a physical barrier, but a cultural one. The south experienced a succession of large kingdoms, with an economy based on the gold trade. In the north, there was no capital-based economy, but the region developed cash-crop farming before the establishment of colonial rule. The coastal areas of the north are culturally influenced by the Swahili world and are the home to a sizable Muslim population.
, not to mention managing the response to the new armed conflict in Cabo Delgado, which began in 2017.Since his swearing-in for his second term in 2019, the Nyusi administration has been in crisis-management mode, particularly responding toand its health and economic effects, seeking an end to the armed violence by a Renamo splinter group in central Mozambique and responding to the deteriorating security situation in Cabo Delgado.
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