'Viruses, like all organisms, adapt and evolve,' co-author Joel Wertheim told Newsweek.
Using information collated from the U.S. National HIV Surveillance System—and with data from more than 40,000 people with an HIV positive diagnosis—researchers identified clusters of people with an elevated rate of HIV transmission.
Clusters of genetically similar strains suggest higher rates of transmission. This link enables scientists to find associations between viral load and transmission rate, as well as risk. "The study doesn't directly suggest that HIV is evolving to have a higher viral load," Jonathan Ball, a professor of molecular virology at the University of Nottingham in the U.K.
"The evolutionary change we observed won't necessarily increase the number of new HIV infections every year, because public health measures are being even more successful at decreasing the rate of new infections."
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